Nguruvilu
Ringkasan
Nguruvilu adalah makhluk berkepala rubah dan bertubuh ular dari agama Mapuche yang menyambar orang di danau dan sungai [nguruvilu-c01, nguruvilu-c02, nguruvilu-c03].
The Nguruvilu is a fox-headed, snake-bodied creature of Mapuche religion that seizes people in lakes and rivers [nguruvilu-c01, nguruvilu-c02, nguruvilu-c03].
Kisah dan tradisi
Nguruvilu adalah makhluk legenda dari agama Mapuche. Namanya berarti "rubah" + "ular", sesuai wujudnya yang berkepala rubah dan bertubuh ular. Ia menyambar orang yang mengarungi air dengan ekornya dan memangsa mereka, sehingga penduduk asli menghindari mandi di danau tempatnya berada. Nguruvilu dikatakan hidup di pusaran air berbahaya yang membunuh orang yang mencoba menyeberangi sungai, dan membuat air tampak dangkal agar penyeberangan terlihat aman. Bagi orang awam, satu-satunya cara menyingkirkan nguruvilu adalah lewat machi atau kalku yang baik; kalku menyelam ke pusaran dan menangkap makhluk itu dengan kemampuan sihirnya. Lehmann-Nitsche (1902) menulis bahwa, menurut informannya, ular-rubah dipercaya tidak mencelakai selama bentuk ibadah tertentu dijalankan. Memanggil namanya langsung dianggap tabu dan sebutan "penguasa air" dipakai sebagai gantinya. Wujudnya digambarkan berbeda-beda: berkepala rubah dan bertubuh ular, atau mirip kulit lembu yang menggembung, atau berkepala kucing dengan ekor panjang seperti rubah, atau berwajah puma atau kucing liar dengan ekor bercakar; sebuah kamus mitologi menyebutnya setengah rubah setengah ular yang hidup di perairan berlumpur. Antropolog Robert Lehmann-Nitsche berpendapat bahwa mitos ini berasal dari pengamatan terhadap berang-berang laut Lutra felina.
The Nguruvilu is a legendary creature of Mapuche religion. Its name means "fox" + "serpent", matching its fox head and snake body. It snatches waders with its tail and devours them, so natives avoided bathing in its lakes. The nguruvilu is said to live in dangerous whirlpools that kill people trying to cross rivers, and it makes the water look shallow so that crossing seems safe. Ordinary people can rid themselves of a nguruvilu only by calling on a machi or a kind-hearted kalku; the kalku dives into the whirlpool and captures the creature with magical abilities. Lehmann-Nitsche (1902) wrote that, according to his informant, the fox-viper was believed to do no harm so long as a certain form of worship was performed. It was taboo to call it by name and the phrase "lord of the water" was used instead. Its form is described in different ways: fox-headed with a serpent's body, or like a bloated ox hide, or cat-headed with a long fox-like tail, or a puma-like or wildcat-like face with a tail bearing claws; a mythology dictionary calls it half fox and half serpent living in muddy waters. Anthropologist Robert Lehmann-Nitsche was of the opinion that the myth originated from observations of the marine otter Lutra felina.
Konteks budaya
Menurut informan yang dicatat Lehmann-Nitsche, ular-rubah tidak mencelakai selama ibadah tertentu dijalankan, dan menyebut namanya langsung dianggap tabu.
According to the informant recorded by Lehmann-Nitsche, the fox-viper did no harm so long as a certain worship was performed, and calling it by name was taboo.
Fakta utama
- Budaya / Culture
- Tradisi Mapuche
- Kawasan / Region
- Amerika Selatan
- Negara / Country
- Chile
- Klasifikasi / Classification
- Aquatic
- Habitat
- Water
- Kemampuan / Abilities
- Menyambar dengan ekor bercakar, Pusaran air dan air dangkal tipuan
Nama lain / Alternate names
Guruvilu, Guirivilu, Guirivilo
Makhluk terkait / Related beings
- Anchimayen
- Chonchon
- Colo Colo (mythology) (Colo Colo)
- Cuero (legendary creature) (El Cuero)
- Piuchén